UNH Ocean Seminar

Restoring Multibeam Backscatter Records: Directional Notch Filters and Waterfall Geometric Warping

Luciano Fonseca
Professor of Electronic Engineering

University of Brasília - FCTE

Friday, Feb. 21, 2025, 3:10pm
Chase 105
Abstract

A series of multibeam sonar surveys were conducted from 2009 to 2013 around Admiralty Bay, Shetland Islands, Antarctica. These surveys provided a detailed bathymetric model that helped understand and characterize the bottom geology of this remote area. Unfortunately, the acoustic backscatter records registered during these bathymetric surveys were heavily contaminated with noise and motion artifacts. These artifacts persisted in the backscatter records despite the fact that the proper acquisition geometry and the necessary offsets and delays were applied during the survey and in post-processing. These noisy backscatter records were very difficult to interpret and to correlate with gravity-core samples acquired in the same area. In order to address this issue, a directional notch filter was applied to the backscatter waterfall in the along-track direction. The proposed filter provided better estimates for the backscatter strength of each sample by considerably reducing residual motion artifacts. The restoration of individual samples was possible since the waterfall frame of reference preserves the acquisition geometry. Then, a remote seafloor characterization procedure based on an acoustic model inversion was applied to the restored backscatter samples, generating remote estimates of acoustic impedance. These remote estimates were compared to MSCL measurements of acoustic impedance obtained from gravity core samples. The remote estimates and the MSCL measurements of acoustic impedance were comparable when the shallow seafloor was homogeneous. The proposed waterfall notch-filtering approach can be applied to any sonar record, provided that we know the system ping-rate and sampling frequency.

Bio

Prof. Luciano E. Fonseca has a Ph.D. in ocean engineering from the University of New Hampshire (UNH) (2001); a master's degree in electrical engineering from the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) (1990); and a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the University of Brasília (UnB) (1986). He is an Associate Professor in Electronic Engineering at the University of Brasília (2012-present) and a member and consultant of the Brazilian LEPLAC-UNCLOS Program (Brazilian UNCLOS). He was a Visiting Professor in Underwater Acoustics at the "Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - IFREMER" (2018-2019), and a Specialist in the Marine Geophysics Program of the United Nations Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) in Paris (2009-2012). He was an Associate Professor at the UNH Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping (2002-2009); and a Research Geophysicist at the Research Center of the Brazilian oil Company PETROBRAS in Rio de Janeiro (1990-2002). His main lines of research are: Underwater Acoustics, Marine Geophysics, Remote Sensing, Marine GIS and Scientific Visualization of Oceanographic data, Ocean Sciences and Geoengineering.