@proceedings {6348, title = {Operational TPU Software for Topobathymetric Lidar}, year = {2018}, month = {June 26-28}, address = {Providence, RI}, abstract = {

While topobathymetric lidar has been established as an effective technology for updating shoreline on nautical charts, there is great interest in the ability to simultaneously use the data to update charted depths (or \“soundings\”) in areas in areas too shallow for boats to operate safely or efficiently. However, operational use of topobathymetric lidar data in nautical charting programs requires total propagated uncertainty (TPU) models and tools comparable to those that exist for hydrographic surveys conducted with multibeam echosounders. The TPU requirement is based on the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) \“Standards for Hydrographic Surveys\” (S-44), as well as surface generation algorithms that rely on the availability of per-point uncertainty estimates. A comprehensive TPU model has been developed for the Riegl VQ-880-G operated by NOAA\’s National Geodetic Survey (NGS). The model combines analytical uncertainty propagation for the subaerial (above water) portion and Monte Carlo simulation models for the subaqueous portion (water surface to seafloor). Because a key goal of the project is to support routine, operational use of the TPU software, computation time and ease-of-use have been important considerations in the development. The TPU model has been implemented in Python software, which is currently being tested on multiple data sets by NGS. Next steps in the project will include extending the methods to other bathymetric lidar systems.\ 

}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and Eren, Firat and J. Jung and Forfinski, Nick and Brian R Calder and White, Stephen A and Imahori, Gretchen and Kum, Jamie and Aslaksen, Michael} } @proceedings {6263, title = {Total Propagated Uncertainty Modeling for Topobathymetric LiDAR}, year = {2018}, month = {February 5-7}, address = {Denver, CO}, abstract = {

NOAA\’s National Geodetic Survey (NGS) and partner agencies and firms routinely collect topobathymetric lidar data used in NGS\’s Coastal Mapping Program. New topobathymetric lidar systems featuring narrow receiver fields of view (FOVs), short pulse widths, low transmit pulse power, and high pulse repetition rates are proving advantageous for collecting dense, seamless data across the land-water interface and in the shallow nearshore zone. While one of the primary uses of the data is updating the National Shoreline depicted on NOAA nautical charts, the bathymetric lidar returns have the potential to also be used for updating chart depths and filling the nearshore hydrographic data void that often exists shoreward of approximately the four-meter depth contour. However, for the bathymetric lidar returns to be integrated into NOAA\’s hydrographic surveying and charting workflows, total propagated uncertainty (TPU) models are needed to generate uncertainties in accordance with International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) standards. In a project led by researchers at NOAA NGS, Oregon State University, and the University of New Hampshire, Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping \– Joint Hydrographic Center, new TPU models are being developed to address this need. The initial phase of the project is focusing on TPU modeling for the Riegl VQ-880-G. The general approach involves combining analytical uncertainty propagation with Monte Carlo ray tracing to model uncertainties in the subaerial (in-air) and subaqueous (in-water) portions of the bathymetric lidar measurement process. We will present the first version of the full TPU model and preliminary results from a Gullivan Bay, Florida project site and discuss the planned next steps in producing an operational version of the TPU tool for routine use in NGS\’s Coastal Mapping Program.

}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and Imahori, Gretchen and White, Stephen A and Eren, Firat and J. Jung and Forfinski, Nick and Kammerer, Timothy} } @article {6112, title = {Total Propagated Uncertainty Analysis for Topobathymetric Lidar}, year = {2017}, month = {June 6-8}, pages = {Savannah, GA}, address = {Savannah, GA}, keywords = {topobathymetric lidar, uncertainty}, url = {http://shoals.sam.usace.army.mil/Tech_Workshops.aspx}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and Eren, Firat and J. Jung and Imahori, Gretchen and White, Stephen A} } @proceedings {5104, title = {Developing an acceptance test for non-hydrographic airborne bathymetric lidar data application to NOAA charts in shallow waters}, year = {2013}, month = {Mar 25 - Mar 28}, publisher = {THSOA}, address = {New Orleans, LA, USA}, author = {Imahori, Gretchen and S. Pe{\textquoteright}eri and Christopher E Parrish and Wozumi, Toshi and White, Stephen A and Jeong, Inseong and Macon, C.L.} } @article {5138, title = {A procedure for developing an acceptance test for airborne bathymetric lidar data application to NOAA charts in shallow waters}, year = {2013}, month = {June 2013}, pages = {53}, institution = {National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Survey (NOS)}, chapter = {NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS CS 32}, address = {Silver Spring, MD}, abstract = {

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) hydrographic data is typically acquired using sonar systems, with a small percent acquired via airborne lidar bathymetry for near-shore areas. This study investigated an integrated approach for meeting NOAA\’s hydrographic survey requirements for near-shore areas of NOAA charts, using the existing topographic-bathymetric lidar data from USACE\’s National Coastal Mapping Program (NCMP). Because these existing NCMP bathymetric lidar datasets were not collected to NOAA hydrographic surveying standards, it is unclear if, and under what circumstances, they might aid in meeting certain hydrographic surveying requirements. The NCMP\’s bathymetric lidar data are evaluated through a comparison to NOAA\’s Office of Coast Survey hydrographic data derived from acoustic surveys. As a result, it is possible to assess if NCMP\’s bathymetry can be used to fill in the data gap shoreward of the navigable area limit line (0 to 4 meters) and if there is potential for applying NCMP\’s bathymetry lidar data to near-shore areas deeper than 10 meters. Based on the study results, recommendations will be provided to NOAA for the site conditions where this data will provide the most benefit. Additionally, this analysis may allow the development of future operating procedures and workflows using other topographic-bathymetric lidar datasets to help update near-shore areas of the NOAA charts.

}, keywords = {airborne bathymetric lidar, hydrography, Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping, near-shore bathymetry, topographic-bathymetric lidar}, author = {Imahori, Gretchen and Ferguson, Jeff and Wozumi, Toshi and Scharff, Dave and S. Pe{\textquoteright}eri and Christopher E Parrish and White, Stephen A and Jeong, Inseong and Sellars, Jon and Aslaksen, Michael} } @article {4783, title = {A dual-spectrometer approach to reflectance measurements under sub-optimal sky conditions}, volume = {20}, year = {2012}, month = {In press}, publisher = {The Optical Society (OSA)}, abstract = {

Abstract: This paper presents a practical method for the development of spectral reflectance libraries under sub-optimal sky conditions.\  Although there are commercially available spectrometers which simultaneously measure both downwelling and upwelling radiance to mitigate the impact of sub-optimal sky conditions, these spectrometers only record in the visible and near infra-red.\  There are presently no commercially available spectrometers with this capability that can record the visible through short-wave infra-red.\  This paper presents a practical method of recording and processing data using coordinated measurements from two full-range spectrometers and discusses potential pitfalls and solutions required to achieve accurate reflectance spectra.\  Results demonstrate that high-quality spectral reflectance libraries can be developed with this approach.

}, keywords = {Spectrometers and spectroscopic instrumentation, Spectroscopy}, url = {http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/home.cfm}, author = {Bachmann, Charles M and Montes, Marcos J and Christopher E Parrish and Fusina, Robert A and C. Reid Nichols and Rong-Rong Li and Eric Hallenborg and Christopher A. Jones and Krista Lee and Sellars, Jon and White, Stephen A and John C. Fry} } @article {5065, title = {Topographic-Bathymetric LIDAR Evaluation for Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping}, year = {2012}, month = {4-5 December}, address = {Salzburg, Austria}, abstract = {

An emerging class of lidar system bridges the gap between conventional topographic and bathymetric lidar, using narrow-divergence, 532 nm laser beams, low pulse energy, small fields of view (FOVs), and very high sampling rates to acquire seamless, high-resolution data on both sides of the land-water interface.\  These systems offer the potential to simultaneously serve a variety of nautical charting, coastal science, and coastal zone management data needs, a key concept of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping (IOCM) initiative.\  By providing seamless, high-resolution data across the backshore, intertidal, and nearshore subtidal zones to depths of ~5-20 m (depending on water clarity and other variables), these systems are uniquely suited for mapping tide-datum based shoreline, as well studies of coastal processes, inundation modeling, coastal habitats, and ecosystem-based management.\  Here we present the results of an evaluation project conducted with a new, commercial topo-bathy system, the Riegl VQ-820-G.\  In the first test of the system in U.S. coastal waters, data were acquired for five small sites on the Florida Atlantic coast and in the Florida Keys.\  Reference data sets, including shallow GPS transects, acoustic data, and other lidar data, were used to evaluate the lidar data with respect to extinction depth, density of seafloor points, and vertical uncertainty of seafloor elevations obtained with the system.

}, url = {http://www.lidarmap.org/ELMF/}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and White, Stephen A and Aslaksen, Michael and Pfennigbauer, M and Rieger, P} } @article {, title = {Lidar-Derived National Shoreline: Empirical and Stochastic Uncertainty Analyses}, volume = {62}, year = {2011}, pages = {62-74}, publisher = {Coastal Education \& Research Foundation, Inc. [CERF]}, address = {West Palm Beach, FL, USA}, keywords = {Data Processing}, author = {White, Stephen A and Christopher E Parrish and Brian R Calder and S. Pe{\textquoteright}eri and Yuri Rzhanov} } @proceedings {, title = {Geodatabase Development to Support Hyperspectral Imagery Exploitation}, year = {2010}, month = {Jul 25 - Oct 30}, address = {Honolulu, HI, USA}, keywords = {Optical Imagery}, author = {Fusina, Robert A and John C. Fry and Nichols, C R and Bachmann, Charles M and Rongxing Li and Sellars, Jon and Christopher E Parrish and Montes, Marcos J and Gross, C and White, Stephen A and Lee, K and Christopher A. Jones} } @article {, title = {Modeling uncertainty in the lidar-derived NOAA shoreline}, year = {2010}, month = {May 25 - May 27}, chapter = {11th}, address = {Mobil, AL, USA}, keywords = {Other}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and White, Stephen A and S. Pe{\textquoteright}eri and Brian R Calder and Yuri Rzhanov} } @proceedings {, title = {New Developments in Lidar Shoreline Mapping and Full-Waveform Lidar at NOAA}, year = {2010}, month = {Nov 30 - Dec 1}, chapter = {2010}, address = {The Hague, South Holland, The Netherlands}, keywords = {Other}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and White, Stephen A and Aslaksen, Michael} } @article {, title = {Stochastic Uncertainty Analysis for Lidar-Derived Shoreline and Comparison with New Experimental Results}, year = {2010}, month = {Feb 22 - Feb 26}, chapter = {2010}, address = {Portland, OR, USA}, keywords = {Other}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and White, Stephen A and Brian R Calder and S. Pe{\textquoteright}eri} } @proceedings {3226, title = {New Approaches for Evaluating Lidar-Derived Shoreline}, year = {2010}, month = {Jun 6 - Jun 8}, address = {Tucson, AZ, USA}, keywords = {LIDAR}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and White, Stephen A and Brian R Calder and S. Pe{\textquoteright}eri and Yuri Rzhanov} } @article {, title = {Shoreline Mapping with Lidar and HSI-Derived Bathymetry}, year = {2008}, month = {Oct 7 - Oct 8}, address = {Silver Springs, MD, USA}, keywords = {LIDAR}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and Sellars, Jon and White, Stephen A and Bachmann, Charles M and Montes, Marcos J and Fusina, Robert A} } @proceedings {3114, title = {Empirical Analysis of Aerial Camera Filters for Shoreline Mapping}, year = {2005}, month = {Mar 7 - Mar 11}, address = {Baltimore, MD, USA}, keywords = {Optical Imagery}, author = {Christopher E Parrish and Sault, Maryellen and White, Stephen A and Sellars, Jon} } @proceedings {3113, title = {A Sensor Fusion Approach to Coastal Mapping}, year = {2005}, month = {Jul 17 - Jul 21}, chapter = {14th Biennial }, address = {New Orleans, LA, USA}, keywords = {LIDAR}, author = {Sault, Maryellen and Christopher E Parrish and White, Stephen A and Sellars, Jon and Woolard, J} }