The estimation of relative or absolute seafloor height fields from side-looking imaging sonar systems has been an active area of research for several decades. Topographic measurements (or the heights and shapes of objects on the seafloor) made with uncalibrated side-looking sonar systems generally use interferometry between signals obtained with two closely-space hydrophone arrays. Other possibilities for estimating topography exist, including clinometry which uses intensity information in single images (e.g., shape-from-shading or shape-from-shadow techniques) and stereogrammetry, a technique based on optical photogrammetry which utilizes the parallax of pairs of images of the same area acquired with two different viewing angles. Changes in image statistics caused by random seafloor roughness may also be used for estimating seafloor roughness parameters, such as ripple heights or root-mean-square slopes. This talk reviews the different methods which can be used to extract topography or roughness parameters with uncalibrated sonar systems and discusses the respective advantages, difficulties and constraints for each technique. We further assess the possibility of using combinations of these techniques as complementary sources of data.