@article {5262, title = {A Risk Index Methodology for Potentially Polluting Marine Sites (PPMS)}, volume = {34(3)}, year = {2014}, month = {2014/05/25}, pages = {391-405}, publisher = {Springer}, abstract = {

Attempting to assess the risk of a release from a Potentially Polluting Marine Site (PPMS) can be a very subjective process. The Marine Site Risk Index (MaSiRI) is designed to provide a more objective approach to this process by adopting a table-based evaluation scheme, while still allowing for the inevitable unknown conditions by including a subjective \“expert correction\” in a suitably controlled manner.

Building on a Geographic Database (GeoDB) of PPMS records, the MaSiRI algorithm applies data filters to remove PPMS records for which it is not applicable, and then estimates a basic risk index based on core data that almost all sites would contain. It can then refine the results for those sites that have auxiliary data, varying the assessed risk as appropriate, according to standard rule-sets.

A Risk Level of Confidence (RLC) is computed and adjusted to express dynamic confidence in the risk value (e.g., due to reliance on estimates rather than measured values), and where appropriate an upper and lower bound of risk can be used to assess the range of values associated with an estimated parameter. This information can be visualized by a composite quality symbol proposed here. MaSiRI is demonstrated on three illustrative shipwrecks, and then compared against the DEEPP project database from the Pelagos Sanctuary in the western Mediterranean.

The aggregate results of the comparison are broadly similar to DEEPP, within the limits of the comparison, but provide a more detailed analysis in the case of estimated pollutant volume, and ubiquitous assessment of levels of confidence.

}, keywords = {level of confidence, PPMS, Quality Symbol, risk assessment, Risk Index}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10669-014-9504-7$\#$}, author = {Giuseppe Masetti and Brian R Calder} } @article {5178, title = {Design of a standardized geo-database for risk monitoring of potentially polluting marine sites}, volume = {34(1)}, year = {2013}, month = {4 December 2013}, pages = {138-149}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, abstract = {

An increasing availability of geospatial marine data provides an opportunity for hydrographic agencies to contribute to the identification of potentially polluting marine sites (PPMS).

This new acronym has been created not only to refer to shipwrecks of modern vessels, but also for other types of marine sites such as dumping areas, pipelines, etc. Independent of the specific type, a PPMS represents a potential source of pollution for the marine environment. Although several type-specific databases are available worldwide (from local to global scale), there is an evident lack of uniformity (e.g., different aims of data collection). A common approach description of these sites at local single-site level may permit aggregation for multiscale decisions, e.g., for remediation and incident response.
To adequately manage these sites, a standardized PPMS geospatial database (GeoDB) application has been designed to collect relevant information suitable for site inventory and geo-spatial analysis. In particular, benefits in structuring the data in conformance with the Universal Hydrographic Data Model (IHO S-100) and encoding using the Geographic Markup Language (GML) are presented.

A possible practical storage solution is proposed using a GML-enabled spatial relational database management system. Finally, a Web GIS deployment is illustrated, being the simplest way to communicate to the public the collected information, with the related possibility of using the data as a Web Map Service in almost any GIS, allowing for better development and integration with other available datasets. The adoption of the PPMS GeoDB product
specification as part of the IHO S-100 series would represent an innovative and important contribution from the hydrographic community to reduce, or at least better manage, environmental and economic risks related to PPMSs.

}, keywords = {marine environment, PPMS, Risk Monitoring, shipwreck, Spatial Standard}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10669-013-9486-x?sa_campaign=email/event/articleAuthor/onlineFirst}, author = {Giuseppe Masetti and Brian R Calder} } @mastersthesis {5029, title = {A Geo-database for Potentially Polluting Marine Sites and Associated Risk Index}, volume = {Ocean Engineering/Ocean Mapping}, year = {2012}, month = {12/2012}, pages = {284}, school = {University of New Hampshire}, address = {Durham, NH}, abstract = {

The increasing availability of geospatial marine data provides an opportunity for hydrographic offices to contribute to the identification of \“Potentially Polluting Marine Sites\” (PPMS).

To adequately manage these sites, a PPMS Geospatial Database (GeoDB) application was developed to collect and store relevant information suitable for site inventory and geo-spatial analysis. The benefits of structuring the data to conform to the Universal Hydrographic Data Model (IHO S-100) and to use the Geographic Mark-Up Language (GML) for encoding are presented. A storage solution is proposed using a GML-enabled spatial relational database management system (RDBMS). In addition, an example of a risk index methodology is provided based on the defined data structure. The implementation of this example was performed using scripts containing SQL statements.

These procedures were implemented using a cross-platform C++ application based on open-source libraries and called PPMS GeoDB Manager.

Manuscript

}, keywords = {GML Application, IHO S-100 Data Model, PPMS, Quality Symbol, Risk Index, Shipwrecks}, author = {Giuseppe Masetti} } @article {4987, title = {Potentially Polluting Marine Sites GeoDB: An S-100 Geospatial Database as an Effective Contribution to the Protection of the Marine Environment}, volume = {8}, year = {2012}, month = {November 2012}, pages = {27-40}, publisher = {International Hydrographic Bureau}, address = {Monaco, Monaco Cedex, Monaco}, abstract = {

Potentially Polluting Marine Sites (PPMS) are objects on, or areas of, the seabed that may release pollution in the future. A rationale for, and design of, a geospatial database to inventory and manipu-late PPMS is presented. Built as an S-100 Product Specification, it is specified through human-readable UML diagrams and implemented through machine-readable GML files, and includes auxiliary information such as pollution-control resources and potentially vulnerable sites in order to support analyses of the core data. The design and some aspects of implementation are presented, along with metadata requirements and structure, and a perspective on potential uses of the database.

}, keywords = {GML, IHO S-100, marine environment, PPMS, shipwreck, spatial SQL}, url = {http://www.iho.int/mtg_docs/IHReview/2012/IHR_November2012.pdf}, author = {Giuseppe Masetti and Brian R Calder and Alexander, Lee} }