@article {5180,
	title = {Experimental and Numerical Studies of Sound Propagation over a Submarine Canyon Northeast of Taiwan},
	volume = {40(1)},
	year = {2015},
	month = {19 February 2014},
	pages = {237-249},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	abstract = {<p>A study of sound propagation over a submarine canyon northeast of Taiwan was made using mobile acoustic sources during a joint ocean acoutic and physical oceanographic experiment in 2009.\&nbsp;The acoustic signal levels (equivalently, transmission losses) are reported here, and numerical models of three-dimensional sound propagation are employed to explain the underlying phsyics.\&nbsp;The data show a significant decrease in sound intensity as the source crossed over the canyon, and the numerical model provides a physical insight into this effect.\&nbsp;In addition, the model suggests that reflection from the canyon seabed causes three-dimensional sound focusing when the direction of propagation is along the canyon axis.\&nbsp;Environmental uncertainties of water sound speed, bottom geoacoustic properties and bathymetry are addressed, and the implications for sound propagation prediction in a complex submarine canyon environment are also discussed.</p>
},
	keywords = {3D Sound Propagation, North Mien-Hua Canyon, submarine canyons},
	author = {Ying-Tsong Lin and Duda, Timothy F. and Emerson, Chris and Gawarkiewicz, Glen G. and Newhall, Arthur E. and Brian R Calder and Lynch, James F. and Abbot, Philip and Yang, Yiing-Jang and Jan, Sen}
}
