@article {5140, title = {Underwater radiated noise levels of a research icebreaker in the central Arctic Ocean}, journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}, volume = {133}, number = {4}, year = {2013}, pages = {1971{\textendash}1980}, abstract = {

U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy\&$\#$39;s underwater radiated noise signature was characterized in the central Arctic Ocean during different types of ice-breaking operations. Propulsion modes included transit in variable ice cover, breaking heavy ice with backing-and-ramming maneuvers, and dynamic positioning with the bow thruster in operation. Compared to open-water transit, Healy\&$\#$39;s noise signature increased approximately 10dB between 20Hz and 2Hz when breaking ice. The highest noise levels resulted while the ship was engaged in backing-and-ramming maneuvers, owing to cavitation when operating the propellers astern or in opposing directions. In frequency bands centered near 10, 50, and 100Hz, source levels reached 190-200dB re: 1 \μPa at 1 m (full octave band) during ice-breaking operations.

}, keywords = {acoustic noise, sea ice, ships, underwater sound}, url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?JAS/133/1971/1}, author = {Roth, Ethan H. and Val Schmidt and Hildebrand, John A. and Wiggins, Sean M.} }